New York State Basic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT-B) Practice Exam

What are common signs of hypoglycemia?

1. Pale, sweaty skin and tachycardia

2. Excessive thirst and urination

3. Frequent headaches and weight gain

4. Nausea and vomiting

The correct answer is: Pale, sweaty skin and tachycardia

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, presents with specific signs and symptoms due to the body's response to insufficient glucose in the bloodstream, which is crucial for energy, particularly for the brain. Among the common signs, pale, sweaty skin and tachycardia are classic indicators. When blood sugar levels drop, the body reacts by releasing adrenaline (epinephrine), which triggers several physiological responses. This release can cause increased heart rate, known as tachycardia, and also stimulates sweat glands, leading to clammy or sweaty skin. These responses are part of the autonomic nervous system's effort to raise blood sugar levels and ensure continued function of vital organs. Recognizing these signs is crucial for EMTs and first responders, as hypoglycemia can progress quickly to more severe symptoms, including confusion, seizures, or loss of consciousness if not addressed. In contrast, other symptoms listed, such as excessive thirst and urination, are more closely associated with hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), while frequent headaches and weight gain do not directly relate to an acute change in blood glucose levels. Nausea and vomiting may occur for various reasons but are not specific indicators of hypoglycemia. Understanding the classic signs of hypoglycemia is