New York State Basic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT-B) Practice Exam

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What is the correct ratio of compressions to ventilations for one-rescuer CPR on an adult without an advanced airway?

15 compressions to 2 ventilations
30 compressions to 2 ventilations
30 compressions to 1 ventilation
20 compressions to 2 ventilations

The correct answer is: 30 compressions to 2 ventilations

The correct ratio of compressions to ventilations for one-rescuer CPR on an adult without an advanced airway is 30 compressions to 2 ventilations. This standard has been established to ensure that the patient receives an effective amount of blood circulation and oxygenation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In this approach, the rescuer performs 30 chest compressions to achieve adequate blood flow to vital organs, particularly the heart and brain, followed immediately by 2 rescue breaths to provide oxygen. This sequence of 30 to 2 has been demonstrated to maximize the effectiveness of the CPR process, enhancing the chances of survival for the victim. The rationale behind this ratio involves maintaining a high frequency of compressions, which is essential for sustaining blood circulation, while simultaneously ensuring the patient receives adequate breaths for oxygenation. When an advanced airway is not in place, it is crucial to maintain this balance for effective resuscitation.