New York State Basic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT-B) Practice Exam

What is the FIRST priority of treatment for a patient with an open gunshot wound to the chest?

1. Administer medication for pain

2. Seal the chest wound and administer oxygen

3. Perform a thorough assessment

4. Transport the patient to a surgical center

The correct answer is: Seal the chest wound and administer oxygen

The first priority of treatment for a patient with an open gunshot wound to the chest is to seal the chest wound and administer oxygen. This is crucial because an open chest wound can lead to a life-threatening condition called a tension pneumothorax, where air enters the chest cavity but cannot escape, causing increased pressure and collapse of the lung. By sealing the wound, you can help prevent air from entering the thoracic cavity, stabilizing the patient's condition and preserving their ability to breathe effectively. Administering oxygen also plays a significant role, as it ensures that the tissues of the body receive adequate oxygen while the patient is being stabilized for treatment and transport. Immediate attention to these steps can help manage hypoxia and support the patient's respiratory function. In contrast, options such as administering pain medication or performing a thorough assessment may distract from the immediate intervention needed to address the life-threatening nature of the open chest wound. While transport to a surgical center is necessary for definitive care, it is imperative to first stabilize the patient’s condition with proper wound management and oxygenation.