New York State Basic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT-B) Practice Exam

What is the primary purpose of using a tourniquet in emergency care?

1. To remove all blood supply to a limb

2. To stop severe bleeding

3. To immobilize a fractured limb

4. To reduce pain during transport

The correct answer is: To stop severe bleeding

The primary purpose of using a tourniquet in emergency care is to stop severe bleeding. Tourniquets are specifically designed to control heavy, life-threatening hemorrhaging, particularly in situations of trauma where direct pressure is insufficient to halt blood flow. When applied correctly, a tourniquet creates a tight constriction around the limb that elevates venous blood pressure while effectively occluding arterial blood flow. This is critical in preventing exsanguination, which can lead to shock and death if not addressed promptly. While there may be instances where other interventions like immobilization or pain relief are necessary in emergency care, these are not the primary goals of a tourniquet. Its main function is to address severe bleeding directly, making it a vital tool in managing traumatic injuries effectively.